Founding of the Despotate of the Morea: What Happened
In 1349, the Byzantine emperor John VI Kantakouzenos appointed his son Manuel Kantakouzenos as governor of the Byzantine territories in the Peloponnese, which was known at the time as the Morea. Manuel ruled from Mystras, a fortified town on a steep hill near ancient Sparta. His rule marks the beginning of what is known as the Despotate of the Morea, named after the high court title of despot held by its rulers, usually sons or brothers of the emperor. Manuel restored order to a region plagued by raiders, rival nobles and conflict with the Latin Principality of Achaea. Later, members of the Palaiologos dynasty ruled the despotate and gradually expanded it until almost the entire Peloponnese was under Byzantine control. Mystras became a thriving center of art, learning and philosophy, home to beautiful churches with fine frescoes and to the philosopher Gemistos Plethon. The last Byzantine emperor, Constantine XI, was despot there before becoming emperor. The despotate fell to the Ottomans in 1460. Mystras is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Frequently Asked Questions
What was the Despotate of the Morea?
The Despotate of the Morea was a Byzantine province in the Peloponnese, ruled from Mystras from 1349 until the Ottoman conquest in 1460.
Why was it called a despotate?
Its rulers held the high court title of despot, usually given to sons or brothers of the Byzantine emperor.
Who founded the Despotate of the Morea?
It began in 1349 when emperor John VI Kantakouzenos appointed his son Manuel Kantakouzenos as governor of the Byzantine Peloponnese.
What was Mystras known for?
Mystras became a thriving center of art, learning and philosophy, with churches decorated with fine frescoes and home to the philosopher Gemistos Plethon.
Can you visit Mystras?
Yes. Mystras, near Sparta, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site with well-preserved Byzantine churches, monasteries, palaces and a castle on the hilltop.
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