German Invasion of Greece: What Happened
On 6 April 1941, Nazi Germany invaded Greece from Bulgaria and Yugoslavia, in an operation known as Operation Marita, to rescue its Italian ally and secure its southern flank before invading the Soviet Union. The Greek army, most of which was still fighting the Italians in Albania, faced a powerful German force with modern tanks and aircraft. British, Australian and New Zealand troops had arrived in Greece in March to support it. Greek soldiers in the forts of the Metaxas Line on the Bulgarian border resisted fiercely, but German forces advanced rapidly through Yugoslavia, outflanking the Greek defenses, and captured Thessaloniki on 9 April. The Greek army in Albania was cut off and surrendered on 20 and 23 April. Prime Minister Alexandros Koryzis took his own life on 18 April. The Allied forces withdrew south and were evacuated by sea. On 27 April, German troops entered Athens, and the swastika was raised on the Acropolis. The king and the government left for Crete and later Egypt. By May, all of mainland Greece was under Axis occupation.
Frequently Asked Questions
When did Germany invade Greece?
Nazi Germany invaded Greece on 6 April 1941 from Bulgaria and Yugoslavia, in an operation codenamed Operation Marita.
Why did Germany invade Greece?
Germany wanted to rescue its Italian ally, which was losing in Albania, and to secure its southern flank before invading the Soviet Union.
Did British troops fight in Greece in 1941?
Yes. British, Australian and New Zealand troops fought alongside the Greeks before withdrawing south and being evacuated by sea.
When did German troops enter Athens?
German troops entered Athens on 27 April 1941 and raised the swastika flag over the Acropolis.
What happened to the Greek government?
King George II and the government left for Crete and later Egypt. By May 1941, all of mainland Greece was under Axis occupation.
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