Turkish Invasion of Cyprus: What Happened
On 20 July 1974, five days after the Greek junta-backed coup against President Makarios, Turkey invaded Cyprus, citing its rights as a guarantor power under the 1960 agreements and the need to protect the Turkish Cypriot community. Turkish troops landed on the northern coast near Kyrenia and established a bridgehead. A ceasefire followed on 22 July, and talks opened in Geneva as the junta in Athens fell. When the talks broke down, Turkey launched a second offensive on 14 August 1974, taking control of around 37 percent of the island, including the city of Famagusta and the northern part of Nicosia. Thousands of people were killed, and around 1,500 Greek Cypriots were reported missing. Around 160,000 to 200,000 Greek Cypriots fled or were expelled from the north, while tens of thousands of Turkish Cypriots moved from the south. The island has remained divided ever since by a UN buffer zone, known as the Green Line. In 1983, the Turkish Cypriots declared a separate state in the north, recognized only by Turkey. Reunification talks have failed.
Frequently Asked Questions
When did Turkey invade Cyprus?
Turkey invaded Cyprus on 20 July 1974, five days after the junta-backed coup, and launched a second offensive on 14 August 1974.
Why did Turkey invade Cyprus?
Turkey cited its rights as a guarantor power under the 1960 agreements and the need to protect the Turkish Cypriot community after the coup.
How much of Cyprus did Turkey take?
Turkey took control of around 37 percent of the island, including Famagusta and the northern part of Nicosia.
How many people were displaced in Cyprus?
Around 160,000 to 200,000 Greek Cypriots fled or were expelled from the north, while tens of thousands of Turkish Cypriots moved from the south.
Is Cyprus still divided?
Yes. The island remains divided by a UN buffer zone, the Green Line. A Turkish Cypriot state declared in 1983 is recognized only by Turkey.
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